It’s kind of the other way around. Time creates gravity. In the model we call general relativity, there is a gadget called the metric that measures both times and distances. In the vicinity of the earth, say, it is well approximated by taking it to be static, and spatially constant. That means that the time coefficient varies with altitude. It is this variation that governs motion in gravity.
A simple thought experiment shows that the conservation of energy requires this. You let a particle antiparticle pair fall, picking up energy. You let them pair annihilate, into photons, traveling back to where they started. If they are at the same frequency above as they were below, then when you convert them back into particles, you have created mass, since .
It’s intriguing to note that while a quantum theory of gravity remains elusive, the foundational quantum relationship is at the heart of this argument.
Notice also how this argument fails for the electric field, because of conservation of charge. If both particles are neutral they won’t respond to the field, while if one is charged the other must be oppositely charged and so move in opposite directions.
Time and mass are coupled, a situation commonly described as mass causing curvature in time.
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