https://elixirfield.blogspot.com/2025/02/female-mammalsway-more-oxytocin.html
We want a female pitcher - not a female itcher!
A 17-year-old male from Minnesota is dominating girls' softball after allegedly hiding his true gender from his team. According to a recent report, the male athlete plays for Champlin Park High School in Champlin, Minnesota, and is a starting pitcher for the school's girls' fast-pitch team.
https://elixirfield.blogspot.com/2024/05/transgender-women-being-banned-from.html
https://elixirfield.blogspot.com/2024/04/oxytocin-neuroedrocrine-system.html
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WY9iRjhyToY
"Male mice had fewer OT-immunoreactive fibers in the limbic system than females (Haussler et al., 1990). In particular, OT-immunostained neurons in the ventral ansa lenticularis, the perifornical region, and the lateral hypothalamus in male mice were almost absent (Haussler et al., 1990). OTR expression is modulated by sex hormones and shows obvious sex differences in brain regions across different species. Brain-region, species-specific, and sex-dependent expression of OTR is closely associated with some sex-dimorphic social behaviors (Dumais and Veenema, 2016)." Qiaoqiao Lu, Shaohua Hu,Chapter 5 - Sex differences of oxytocin and vasopressin in social behaviors, Editor(s): Dick F. Swaab, Felix Kreier, Paul J. Lucassen, Ahmad Salehi, Ruud M. Buijs, Handbook of Clinical Neurology, Elsevier, Volume 180, 2021, Pages 65-88,
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0079612308004081
To further define the function of the oxytocin receptor (OXTR) in vivo, we generated mice deficient in the Oxtr gene (Oxtr−/−). Oxtr−/− mice had no obvious deficits in fertility or sexual behaviour, but displayed several aberrations in social behaviours, including male aggression, and mother–offspring interaction
https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.0505312102
These data suggest a developmental role for the OXT/OXTR system in shaping adult aggressive behavior. Our studies demonstrate that OXTR plays a critical role in regulating several aspects of social behavior and may have important implications for developmental psychiatric disorders characterized by deficits in social behavior.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0002937817305653
We did not identify significant differences in the prevalence of oxytocin receptor variants between low-dose-requiring and high-dose-requiring women, but novel oxytocin receptor variants were enriched in the high-dose-requiring women. We also found 3 oxytocin receptor variants (2 novel, 1 known) that were predicted to damage oxytocin receptor function and would likely increase an individual’s risk for requiring a high oxytocin dose.
Traditionally known for its role in milk let-down and uterine contraction during labor, OXT also has implications in physiological, and also behavioral, aspects of reproduction, such as sexual and maternal behaviors and pair bonding, but also anxiety, trust, sociability, food intake, or even drug abuse.
However, in females, we found that genetic disruption of the Oxtr resulted in a greater consumption of alcohol both pre- and poststress compared to controls.
OT-immunoreactivity is consistently higher in females compared to males (Table 7). citing https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4633405/
Table 7
OT measure | Species | Region | Reference |
---|---|---|---|
OT-ir neurons | Brandt’s voles | PVN | Xu et al., 2010 |
Mandarin voles | PVN, LH (dominant and subordinate voles) SON (dominant voles) | Qiao et al., 2014 | |
Chinese striped hamsters | Intermediate MPOA | Wang et al., 2013 | |
Mongolian gerbils | Intermediate MPOA | Wang et al., 2013 | |
CD mice | PVN, SON, anterior hypothalamic periventricular nucleus | Häussler et al., 1990 | |
OT-ir fibers | CD mice | LS, BNST | Häussler et al., 1990 |
Mandarin voles | LH | Qiao et al., 2014 | |
OTR binding | P. maniculatus & p. californicus mice | hippocampal CA1 | Insel et al., 2001 |
ICR mice | VMH | Tribollet et al., 2002 | |
Prairie voles | medial PFC | Smeltzer et al., 2006 | |
Montane voles | medial PFC | Smeltzer et al., 2006 | |
CSF OT | Humans | n/a | Altemus et al., 1999 |
Plasma OT | Sprague Dawley rats | n/a | Kramer et al., 2004 |
Prairie voles | n/a | Kramer et al., 2004 | |
Mandarin voles | n/a | Cao et al., 2013 | |
Humans (adolescents) | n/a | Miller et al., 2013 |
No comments:
Post a Comment