Monday, May 5, 2025

female oxytocin neuroreceptors are hard-wired at birth!!

 https://elixirfield.blogspot.com/2025/02/female-mammalsway-more-oxytocin.html

We want a female pitcher - not a female itcher!

A 17-year-old male from Minnesota is dominating girls' softball after allegedly hiding his true gender from his team. According to a recent report, the male athlete plays for Champlin Park High School in Champlin, Minnesota, and is a starting pitcher for the school's girls' fast-pitch team.

https://elixirfield.blogspot.com/2024/05/transgender-women-being-banned-from.html 

https://elixirfield.blogspot.com/2024/04/oxytocin-neuroedrocrine-system.html 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WY9iRjhyToY 

"women had higher concentrations of OT in cerebral spinal fluid compared to men irrespective of health condition....suggesting that brain OT release may be higher in females,"

 "Male mice had fewer OT-immunoreactive fibers in the limbic system than females (Haussler et al., 1990). In particular, OT-immunostained neurons in the ventral ansa lenticularis, the perifornical region, and the lateral hypothalamus in male mice were almost absent (Haussler et al., 1990). OTR expression is modulated by sex hormones and shows obvious sex differences in brain regions across different species. Brain-region, species-specific, and sex-dependent expression of OTR is closely associated with some sex-dimorphic social behaviors (Dumais and Veenema, 2016)." Qiaoqiao Lu, Shaohua Hu,Chapter 5 - Sex differences of oxytocin and vasopressin in social behaviors, Editor(s): Dick F. Swaab, Felix Kreier, Paul J. Lucassen, Ahmad Salehi, Ruud M. Buijs, Handbook of Clinical Neurology, Elsevier, Volume 180, 2021, Pages 65-88,

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0079612308004081 

 To further define the function of the oxytocin receptor (OXTR) in vivo, we generated mice deficient in the Oxtr gene (Oxtr−/−). Oxtr−/− mice had no obvious deficits in fertility or sexual behaviour, but displayed several aberrations in social behaviours, including male aggression, and mother–offspring interaction

 https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.0505312102

 These data suggest a developmental role for the OXT/OXTR system in shaping adult aggressive behavior. Our studies demonstrate that OXTR plays a critical role in regulating several aspects of social behavior and may have important implications for developmental psychiatric disorders characterized by deficits in social behavior.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0002937817305653 

 We did not identify significant differences in the prevalence of oxytocin receptor variants between low-dose-requiring and high-dose-requiring women, but novel oxytocin receptor variants were enriched in the high-dose-requiring women. We also found 3 oxytocin receptor variants (2 novel, 1 known) that were predicted to damage oxytocin receptor function and would likely increase an individual’s risk for requiring a high oxytocin dose.

 Traditionally known for its role in milk let-down and uterine contraction during labor, OXT also has implications in physiological, and also behavioral, aspects of reproduction, such as sexual and maternal behaviors and pair bonding, but also anxiety, trust, sociability, food intake, or even drug abuse.

 However, in females, we found that genetic disruption of the Oxtr resulted in a greater consumption of alcohol both pre- and poststress compared to controls.

 

OT-immunoreactivity is consistently higher in females compared to males (Table 7). citing https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4633405/
Vasopressin and oxytocin receptor systems in the brain: sex differences and sex-specific regulation of social behavior

Table 7

Summary of studies in which OT system parameters are higher in females than in males
OT measureSpeciesRegionReference
OT-ir neuronsBrandt’s volesPVNXu et al., 2010
Mandarin volesPVN, LH (dominant and subordinate voles) SON (dominant voles)Qiao et al., 2014
Chinese striped hamstersIntermediate MPOAWang et al., 2013
Mongolian gerbilsIntermediate MPOAWang et al., 2013
CD micePVN, SON, anterior hypothalamic periventricular nucleusHäussler et al., 1990
OT-ir fibersCD miceLS, BNSTHäussler et al., 1990
Mandarin volesLHQiao et al., 2014
OTR bindingP. maniculatus & p. californicus micehippocampal CA1Insel et al., 2001
ICR miceVMHTribollet et al., 2002
Prairie volesmedial PFCSmeltzer et al., 2006
Montane volesmedial PFCSmeltzer et al., 2006
CSF OTHumansn/aAltemus et al., 1999
Plasma OTSprague Dawley ratsn/aKramer et al., 2004
Prairie volesn/aKramer et al., 2004
Mandarin volesn/aCao et al., 2013
Humans (adolescents)n/aMiller et al., 2013
BNST, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis; LH, lateral hypothalamus; LS, lateral septum; MPOA, medial preoptic area; PFC, prefrontal cortex; PVN, paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus; SON, supraoptic nucleus of the hypothalamus; VMH, ventral medial hypothalamus; n/a, not applicable.

No comments:

Post a Comment