β-Caryophyllene (BCP) is a natural sesquiterpene having several biological activities such as antimicrobial, anticarcinogenic, antiinflammatory, antioxidant,
β-caryophyllene (14.1%) and α-pinene (24.8%) are the principal compounds recorded in Melaleuca pancheri leaf oil [Tea Tree Oil].
Terpinen-4-ol and 1-8 cineole are major constituents of M. alternifolia oil.
Melaleuca is one of the genera of the Myrtaceae family enriched in tea tree oil (TTO). Tea tree oils of Melaleuca bracteata and Melaleuca alternifolia are of prime importance and have antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Terpinen-4-ol and 1-8 cineole are major constituents of M. alternifolia oil.
TTO extracted from M. bracteata also contains phenylpropanoids and methyl eugenol as major components [2]. Terpinolene (17.5%), p-cymene (12.8%), and γ-Terpinene (15.2%) are the major components of Melaleuca buseana leaf oil, whereas Melaleuca dawsonii leaf oil has α-phellandrene (10.3%) and α-pinene (12.8%) as principal components. In Melaleuca gnidioides, spathulenol (14.7%), β-pinene (13.6%) and α-pinene (23.6%) are the major components. Melaleuca brevisepala and Melaleuca sphaerodendra var. microphylla produce oils in which β-caryophyllene (26.8% and 28.8%, respectively) is the principal component. β-caryophyllene (14.1%) and α-pinene (24.8%) are the principal compounds recorded in Melaleuca pancheri leaf oil. Melaleuca brongniartii oil contains limonene (19.8%), β-pinene (10.3%), and α-pinene (23.3%) as the principal monoterpenes [11].
This natural oil is an efficacious bactericide, fungicide, and antiseptic, it is quite safe and effective,
The β-caryophyllene has been reported for several biological activities such as, antibacterial, antioxidant, gastroprotective, anxiolytic, antiinflammatory (Paula-Freire et al. 2014). In addition, it has also been reported for antiaging and neuroprotective potentials in animal models (Cheng et al. 2014; Pant et al. 2014).
(E)-β-caryophyllene (BCP) is a natural sesquiterpene hydrocarbon present in hundreds of plant species. BCP possesses several important pharmacological activities, ranging from pain treatment to neurological and metabolic disorders. These are mainly due to its ability to interact with the cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2) and the complete lack of interaction with the brain CB1.
BCP is one of the constituents of commonly consumed edible plants, such as cinnamon (Cinnamomum spp.), basil (Ocimum spp.), pepper (Piper spp.), ...
beta-caryophyllene
β‐caryophyllene (BCP) is a plant compound, a member of bicyclic sesquiterpene. In nature, it mainly occurs as trans‐caryophyllene ((E)‐BCP)
Other countries producing TTO are South Africa, Kenya, Indonesia, and Thailand, which mainly produce it from M. alternifolia [55].
However, the most remarkable species for the production of commercial tea tree oil are M. cajuputi, M. alternifolia, M. quinquenervia, and M. bracteata [6,11,43].
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8829435/
Herein, we report the impact of terpinen-4-ol (TER, the primary constituent of TTO), on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced intestinal epithelial cell barrier function impairment in intestinal porcine epithelial cell lines (IPEC-J2) and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced IBD in mice. TER protected against LPS-induced damage in IPEC-J2 cells in vitro and attenuated DSS-induced colitis in vivo. Added TER promoted the tight junction (TJ) proteins expressing in vitro and in vivo and attenuated the LPS-induced upregulation of ERK phosphorylation in IPEC-J2 cells.
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