Monday, December 6, 2021

The Superluminal Universe : From Quantum Vacuum to Brain Mechanism and Beyond by L.M. Caligiuri and T. Musha (2016) and Supercoherence

 So this is a very fascinating book that starts out with an examination of the claims of superluminal  quantum tunneling or FTL (faster than light) signals, as claimed by G. Nimtz with related experiments by Raymond Chiao and others.

The issue here is what defines a signal! So Nimtz and others say the signal is defined by frequency - and hence Nimtz literally transmitted Mozart to prove that indeed frequency is a signal! The book doesn't mention this Mozart test that I noticed but it does go into the arguments against Nimtz - and the problem with those arguments. Günter Nimtz* and Horst Aichmann
All waves have a zero tunneling time

 

 All waves have a zero tunneling time

 Wow So Gunter Nimtz has a science book published - that I will read. And FORBES tries to debunk it!

Guenther Nimtz, the topic is placed in a broader context by showing connections with other branches of physics. The authors begin by introducing such fundamental concepts as space and time and continue with tunneling phenomena from optics, nuclear, and solid state physics. Avoiding mathematical equations and definitions altogether, they explain step-by-step the prerequisites for the tunnel effect to function, from classical mechanics to quantum mechanics, right up to modern topics, such as wormholes and space travel a la Star Trek. The text is accompanied by a foreword written by astronaut Ulrich Walter, science team member of the D-2 Space Shuttle Mission. (orig.)

 Zero time space. How quantum tunneling broke the light speed barrier

So if you look at the FORBES article they make the error of comparing position and momentum but Nimtz is relying on frequency and time!!!  

By firing a pulse of light at a semi-transparent/semi-reflective thin medium, researchers can... [+] measure the time it must take for these photons to tunnel through the barrier to the other side. Although the step of tunneling itself may be instantaneous, the traveling particles are still limited by the speed of light.

 

J. Liang, L. Zhu & L. V. Wang, Light: Science & Applicationsvolume 7, 42 (2018)

I didn't realize how complicated the issue is. First of all is the problem of a clock synchronization in relativity - that has to be an assumed norm as a metric standard. So the authors favor quantum frequency energy as the standard - with good reason.

 If you can front-load which particles make it through the barrier, preferentially cutting off the particles in the back of the pulse, you'll falsely measure a faster-than-light speed, even though no individual particle actually breaks the speed of light.

See what that Forbes scientist author doesn't tell you is that by "particle" they are assuming already an amplitude measurement in spacetime and NOT just frequency and time!!  Wow - first chapter is free on Wiley

 

 preface

  Various experiments have shown superluminal group and signal velocities recently. Experiments were essentials carried out with microwave tunnelling, with frustrated total internal reflection, and with gain-assisted anomalous dispersion. According to text books a superluminal signal velocity violates Einstein causality implying that cause and effect can be changed and time machines known from science fiction could be constructed. This naive analysis, however, assumes a signal to be a point in the time dimension neglecting its finite duration. A signal is not presented by a point nor by its front, but by its total length. On the other hand a signal energy is finite thus its frequency band is limited, the latter is a fundamental physical property in consequence of field quantization with quantum hν. All superluminal experiments have been carried out with rather narrow frequency bands. The narrow band width is a condition sine qua non to avoid pulse reshaping of the signal due to the dispersion relation of the tunnelling barrier or of the excited gas, respectively. In consequence of the narrow frequency band width the time duration of the signal is long so that causality is preserved. However, superluminal signal velocity shortens the otherwise luminal time span between cause and effect.

https://arxiv.org/pdf/physics/0009043.pdf 

 

Next is the equivalence of quantum tunneling as nonlocality with a classical "evanescent wave" based on the imaginary number axis. This again is an easy argument to accept in my view but the problem again is that in classical physics the signal is defined by the amplitude modulation normally or the phase shift.

OK so for the faster than light signal to work - the wavelength has to be longer than the barrier or gap that is tunneled. But what is happening is that there is an imaginary axis phase shift that cause a "zero time" quantum tunneling effect. Essentially the phase becomes a circular point and then the imaginary frequency continues on at a faster than light speed with the amplitude reduced.

So the standard science is that this imaginary phase shift has no meaning because it only changes the frequency - in the "middle" of the group wave - and it's basically the same as removing part of the wave. The analogy used is as a train was traveling from Chicago to New York and at each stop a car is removed from the center of the train - thereby causing the "center" of the train to accelerate faster then the group wave of the train as a whole - even though the group train arrives first.

So that analogy explains that linear causality is not violated with this signal system set up - but it does require a change in the definition of what a signal or information is - with frequency and phase being primary. Whereas in classical physics the energy is defined by amplitude and so only the leading edge of the wave would count as the amplitude for the signal - and not the frequency and phase.

OK that's my understanding of how to explain this phenomenon without resorting to equations and images. I did do a blog post before on G. Nimtz - so I'll look that up quick.

Yeah it's three years old and so the images no longer load. oops.

 direct sound from a source interferes with a strong reflection from a hard surface....Thus, the superluminal acoustic effect we have described is likely a ubiquitous but imperceptible phenomenon in the everyday world.

Nimtz.

Possible Existence of Superluminal Photons Inside Microtubules and the  Resulting Explanation for Brain Mechanism :: Science Publishing Group

Günter Nimtz sent a recording of Mozart's 40th symphony over four times light speed.

https://brianclegg.blogspot.com/2014/10/nimtz.html 

OK that link still works!

Right so then I make the connection to John Pendry's metamaterial research.

https://ecoechoinvasives.blogspot.com/2018/02/why-classical-physics-continues-to-deny.html 

So I cite other studies here proving this superluminal phase velocity aka signal.

Relating it to the Aharonov-Bohm Effect.

  "a passive dielectric medium with a negative group delay time due to polarization shift. A rotational strain of the polarization vector by one of the adaptors is coupled with a drastic negative group velocity.Evanescent optical modes with their imaginary momentum are strange particles...

So how would I explain this with music theory? Again I would call this noncommutative phase.

The issue here is that wavelength is being converted to pure time as inverse to frequency - due to the imaginary or noncommutative phase shift that is a "negative" or reverse frequency momentum.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%BCnter_Nimtz

t tunneling can generally be explained with virtual photons, the strange particles introduced by Richard Feynman and shown for evanescent modes by Ali and by Cargnilia and Mandel.[6][14] In that sense it is common to calculate the imaginary tunneling wave number with the Helmholtz and the Schrödinger equations as Günter Nimtz did in[3] and Herbert Winful did in .[16] However, Nimtz highlights that eventually the final tunneling time was always obtained by the Wigner phase time approach.[3][17] In[6] and[3] Günter Nimtz outlines that such evanescent modes only exist in the classically forbidden region of energy. As a consequence they cannot be explained by classical physics nor by special relativity postulates: A negative energy of evanescent modes follows from the imaginary wave number, i.e. from the imaginary refractive index according to the Maxwell relation for electromagnetic and elastic fields. In his latest publication[18] Günter Nimtz again explicitly points out that tunneling indeed confronts special relativity and that any other statement must be considered incorrect.

OK so there you go. I'll have to read Nimtz more to get further details.

So NOW that this foundation of evanescent waves has been set up - the juice of the book kicks in - that the microtubules of the brain, via quantum coherent water, as analyzed by Emilio del Giudice, enables a superluminal virtual photon nonlocal signal resonance creating a holographic reality.

From Superluminal Velocity To Time Machines? 

So what I had not realized before was that Caligiuri and Musha really rely on the coherent water inside the microtubules as the means - the change in density causing again a sub-wavelength frequency that is superluminal, again based on the Pythagorean principle of frequency increasing due to smaller time period. So in this case the tubulin store the memory and the light inside the water engages the stored memory - as the "reference" wave - which interacts with the light coming into the microtubule - and then the holograph is projected back out of the microtubule.

So the concept here is called Supercoherence

meaning that it is due to the water creating a longer evanescent group light wave that overlaps outside the microtubule - thereby enabling a quantum nonlocal coherence that does not collapse - with enough time to engage with the neuron signals....

That is their argument, in contrast to Stuart Hameroff who said to explicitly IGNORE the water effects as per the microtubules.

I'm not sure that Caligiuri and Musha are up to speed on all the corroboration of Hameroff's research. 

Anyway it's a fascinating argument and then they basically go on to emphasize this secret as the basis for creating matter - from a superluminal reverse time matter. At the end of the book they go into the de Broglie Law of Phase Harmony which is what really drives the whole book's model - as it's based on the group wave and phase wave,  with frequency as the basis for the phase harmony, and superluminal guiding wave.

Then they introduce how all of matter and even spacetime is then created from a Superradiating Phase Transistion - to mean this is precisely the same as noncommutative phase that Alain Connes relies on as the foundation of reality.

I would say - if I had to compare their worldview argument - it reminded me as closest to B.G. Sidharth.















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