Thursday, September 11, 2025

is phase velocity really a "continuous wave" only and thus not information?

 The phase velocity is useless when it comes to transmitting information, as it describes a continuous electromagnetic wave. Any change in that wave, any modulation, would travel at the group velocity, which is less than the vacuum speed of light. (And yes, there are cases when even the group velocity can be greater than the vacuum speed of light but even then, signals won’t travel faster than light in a vacuum.)

This is the claim above of Viktor Toth, a self-professor guru of physics on quora. The problem is he is ignoring noncommutativity that defines the foundation of reality as discrete mathematics. Also the article "Light is Heavy" by Nobel physicist Gerard t' Hooft and Martin van der Mark explains that light indeed has "gravitational mass" due to the inherent 1/2 spin of particles and all particles are made of light. So this "negative frequency" as gravitational mass has been empirically demonstrated in "weak measurement" experiments as being "gravitationally repulsive."  

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