https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ghc6uab1EX4
wild....
Frequency Hopping was invented by Hedy Lamarr!? Wow. Radio-controlled Torpedo to end the war.
Robert Price, an engineer, interviewed her - he was a pioneer in "secret communications" and he called her a "plagiarizer" - and so Robert Price thought she stole the idea from her first husband - the munitions supplier! Mandl.... She said - no way!
a receiver hopping around in synchrony with the transmitter.
The Germans had not come across frequency hopping. (but in fact they had!)
She was inspired by the "Philco Magic Box" radio remote dialer...
https://antiqueradio.org/PhilcoMysteryRemoteRadioControl.htm
Philco Mystery Control: Theory and Operation - vid
George Antheil - the composer (who also spoke German) - collaborated with Hedy Lamarr on how to implement the idea of frequency hopping - using the concept of synchronized piano rolls for frequency hopping!
So then a Caltech electrical engineer converted the concept into actual design for the patent.
Actress Hedy Lamarr and composer George Antheil were awarded U.S. Patent 2,292,387 for their secret communication system in 1942. This patent described a frequency-hopping spread-spectrum communication system, which involved rapidly changing radio frequencies to make radio-guided torpedoes difficult to detect or jam.The patent application was drafted with the help of the law firm Lyon & Lyon
https://www.americanscientist.org/blog/the-long-view/the-seventh-claim
What was in the lost seventh claim? Irvin has solved the mystery. The inventors claimed:
7. In a radio communication system comprising a radio transmitter tunable to any one of a plurality of frequencies and a radio receiver tunable to any one of said plurality of frequencies, the method of effecting secret communication between said stations which comprises simultaneously changing the tuning of the transmitter and receiver according to an arbitrary, nonrecurring pattern.This claim is much broader than the others; it is the very definition of frequency hopping. Had the patent examiner accepted it, Lamarr and Antheil could have made a case that they’d originated the concept. But the examiner rejected claim 7 on the grounds that frequency hopping was already known.
As evidence, the examiner cited two earlier patents that fully covered the claim. The first was U.S. patent 1,869,659 granted to Willem Broertjes in 1932, and a second was U.S. Patent 2,134,850, granted in 1938 to Martin Baesecke of the German firm Siemens and Halske.
https://www.americanscientist.org/article/random-paths-to-frequency-hopping
With the help of Samuel Mackeown, a California Institute of Technology engineer, George ironed out the bugs in their invention, and he and Hedy applied for a patent in June 1941. Considering the familiarity with patent conventions and technical radio concepts on display, it seems likely that Mackeown wrote the patent itself. On August 11, 1942, Lamarr and Antheil received U.S. Patent 2,292,387 (issued to Lamarr under her married name, Hedy Markey) for a “secret communication system.”...........
as to whether Lamarr originated the frequency-hopping scheme or learned of it in meetings at Fritz Mandl’s firm, the Hirtenberger Patronenfabrik. In Bad Boy, George affirms that she got her education at those meetings, and although he is not exactly the world’s most reliable memoirist, he could hardly have received the information from anyone but Hedy. Robert Price, an engineer at Massachusetts Institute of Technology’s Lincoln Laboratory and a pioneer of spread-spectrum technology, interviewed Lamarr. He told me that he came away convinced that she had heard the idea in her husband’s boardroom
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