http://webs.ftmc.uam.es/rafael.sanchez/
https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=Ngha00cAAAAJ&hl=en
https://arxiv.org/pdf/2503.10064
recognizing that the measurement process itself plays an active role in localizing the particle in the classically forbidden virtual state...the measurement process not only extracts information but also injects energy into the system, effectively enabling the particle to transiently occupy the virtual state. ... the virtual state is indeed populated during tunneling. If it were not so, there would be no interaction between the electrons in the TQD and the QPC, and ρCC wouldn’t be affected. Note that the energy needed to populate C is provided by the measurement device, since the measurement operator, ˆLγ , does not commute with ˆHTQD....measurements can fundamentally alter the presence of an electron in the virtual state, offering a deeper insight into the role of observation in understanding the virtual states.
we investigate the interplay between virtual transitions and measurement back-action, proposing an experiment based on a triple quantum dot system under the continuous measurement of a highly-detuned central dot.
https://arxiv.org/html/2510.22394
Making the Virtual Real: Measurement-Powered Tunneling Engines
https://arxiv.org/pdf/2504.09121
https://arxiv.org/pdf/2508.03659
https://arxiv.org/pdf/2510.22394
When the central dot is strongly detuned from the two external ones, hopping between left and right dots (fed by two electronic reservoirs) occurs via virtual tunneling transitions [31–
39].
By continuously monitoring the central quantum dot, virtual tunneling events are converted into real occupations, enabling two key functionalities: (i) thermodynamic operations, including power generation, refrigeration, and hybrid energy conversion, and (ii) quantum state purification, where noise from the detector stabilizes the system into a dark state.
https://par.nsf.gov/servlets/purl/10603968
the trajectories exhibit quantum jumps between the dynamically stabilized regions of local oscillations around the eigenstates. Since these transitions are otherwise forbidden, this is a measurement-induced tunneling effect and is closely related to that recently predicted for tunneling through a triple quantum dot (Singh et al., 2025). The short-time behavior clearly shows the localized oscillations being perturbed by the measurement.
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/2058-9565/ae1e27/pdf#164
Moreover, there is the possibility of several non-commuting operators of the system to couple to multiple baths, which can lead to significantly increased system-bath entanglement [246]. The exploration of non-commuting coupling operators is still in its infancy, and bridges to non-Abelian thermal states (NATSs) discussed in section 17
Jakub Garwoła and Dvira Segal, "Open quantum systems with noncommuting coupling operators: An analytic approach", Physical Review B 110 17, 174304 (2024).
a qubit concurrently coupled to both decohering and dissipative baths. Our approach, which accommodates strong system-bath couplings, generalizes the recently developed reaction-coordinate polaron transform method [N. Anto-Sztrikacs et al., PRX Quantum 4, 020307 (2023)] to handle couplings to baths via noncommuting system operators. Our approach creates an effective Hamiltonian that reveals the cooperative effect of the baths on the system
h the phonon bath acting as the heat source.
https://arxiv.org/pdf/2504.09121
In these setups the electron-hole symmetry is broken by the kinetic phase accumulated between the junctions connecting the ring to the differ-
ent terminals [248, 249], with broken time-reversal symmetry introducing the mirror asymmetry (via the non
reciprocity of the transmission probabilities Tij (B)̸ =Tji(B)) needed for the thermocouple effect, even if the geometric configuration of the system is symmetric and energy-independent [164]. To see this, consider a symmetric ring with all three terminals equally separated by one third of the ring perimeter, so we have T⟳(ϕ) = T12(Φ) = T23(Φ) = T31(Φ).