Photoacoustics and the PHoton Mass Drag Effect: the hidden momentum of light is Now proven in the lab

To solve the momentum paradox the authors prove that the special theory of relativity requires an extra atomic density to travel with the photon.

 "This prompts for further simulations with realistic parameters for interstellar gas density, plasma properties and temperature. Presently the Hubble's law is explained by Doppler shift being larger from distant stars. This effectively supports the hypothesis of expanding universe. In the mass polariton theory of light this hypothesis is not needed since redshift becomes automatically proportional to the distance from the star to the observer," explains Professor Jukka Tulkki.

The redshift is then from the 5th dimension (rather than from an accelerating expansion of the 4th dimension).

To prove this experimentally - light was bounced between anti-mirrors and the acoustic momentum was measured -

 the shape of radiation-pressure-driven elastic waves gives rich insights into light–matter interaction, which could potentially be used to differentiate various theoretical formulations describing light-matter coupling. To fully understand elastic waveform features, the physics underlying their creation and propagation must be modelled and then compared to a measurable quantity, such as the material displacement induced by these transient waves. Displacements associated with these elastic waves propagate at acoustic velocities and have peak amplitudes of the order of picometers.

Photon mass drag and the momentum of light in a medium

Mikko Partanen, Teppo Häyrynen, Jani Oksanen, and Jukka Tulkki

Phys. Rev. A 95, 063850 – Published 29 June 2017

 We show that a light pulse having a total electromagnetic energy $\hslash \omega$ propagating in a nondispersive medium transfers a mass equal to $\delta m=(n^2-1)\hslash \omega /c^2$, where $n$ is the refractive index. MDW, which carries this mass, consists of atoms, which are more densely spaced inside the light pulse as a result of the field-dipole interaction. We also prove that the transfer of mass with the light pulse, the photon mass drag effect, gives an essential contribution to the total momentum of the light pulse, which becomes equal to the Minkowski momentum $p_M=n\hslash \omega /c$.

 However, the theory applies not only to transparent liquids and solids but also to dilute interstellar gas. Using a simple kinematic consideration it can be shown that the energy loss caused by the mass transfer effect becomes for dilute interstellar gas proportional to the photon energy and distance travelled by light.

The optical shock wave property of the MDW, which propagates with the velocity of light instead of the velocity of sound, prompts for engineering of novel device concepts like very high frequency mechanical oscillators not limited by the acoustic cutoff frequency.

 

We also want to thank Tomaz Pozar and Nelson G. C. Astrath for the recent communication, where we became aware of the old paper of Poynting [61], the discussion of which has been added in the present work.

 
 spin angular momentum as part of total angular momentum (includes OAM, orbital angular momentum)
 fascinating!!!!

 

Louis de Broglie discovered the "Law of Phase Harmony" which is the secret pressure of light or relativistic mass of light - it is also called super momentum or superluminal momentum. It is the spin angular momentum of light instead of the orbital momentum of light. So essentially de Broglie realized that since quantum energy is based on frequency then as a particle goes up in frequency towards the speed of light, due to relativity then time as wavelength gets bigger or slows down. This goes against music harmonics since Pythagorean - time is inverse to frequency as basic music harmonics teaches us. So de Broglie realized there HAS to be a second "clock" of time from the future that secretly guides matter - he called it the Pilot Wave. It is a phase wave that is superluminal - faster than the speed of light. So it is in constant phase harmony with matter and the superluminal phase wave actually creates matter from light. So there is a secret harmony to Mother Nature - actually the Cosmic Mother. Some have argued that global warming is due to an increased "photon pressure" due to the changes in the atmosphere. In other words - it's not just from the quantum frequency resonance of carbon dioxide absorbing photon energy but also from the relativistic mass of light increasing as photon pressure.

Phil,

could you not modify the composition of the atmosphere of your hypothetical Earth so that the surface pressure (i.e. total mass of the atmosphere) remains unchanged, but the concentration of GHG changes ?

That is essentially what I was assuming. The surface pressure depends only on the mass of the atmosphere. The greenhouse effect – as you suggest – depends on the composition.

Unless Nikolov and Zeller have problems with the Planck-Einstein relation, its difficult to see how they could not understand this would result in differing surface temperatures for the same surface pressure ?

What I should have mentioned in the post is that there was a very lengthy Twitter exchange with Ned Nikolov involving Scott Denning, and myself, and others. Things that you would imagine would convince him that he was wrong, very obviously did not.

The greenhouse effect is stronger if the pressure in the atmosphere is higher.