- In contrast to bonobos, researchers have extensively documented and even filmed wild chimpanzees consuming naturally fermented fruit and human-collected palm sap.
- Some studies suggest that the amount of alcohol consumed by chimpanzees through these sources is equivalent to several human alcoholic drinks per day.
- This consumption is not just a fringe behavior; recent footage has captured wild chimpanzees sharing fermented fruit, with some scientists suggesting this behavior may have evolutionary links to human social drinking.
the animals consume the equivalent of about 2.5 human drinks daily. The findings were published in the journal Science Advances on September 17.
“The data set is convincing, representing a wide array of fruits ingested at sites in East and West Africa,” says Nathaniel Dominy, an evolutionary biologist at Dartmouth College who was not involved in the study, to Tim Vernimmen at National Geographic. “These findings are bound to stir debate and move the discipline forward.”
alcohol causes aggression via a liver blockage....
But now, “what we’re realizing from this work is that our relationship with alcohol goes deep back into evolutionary time, probably about 30 million years,” Catherine Hobaiter, a primatologist at the University of St. Andrews in Scotland who was not part of the study, tells BBC News’ Elizabeth Dawson and Helen Briggs. “Maybe for chimpanzees, this is a great way to create social bonds, to hang out together on the forest floor, eating those fallen fruits.”
The chimps’ fruit consumption is spread out over the course of a day, so this prevents too much alcohol from building up in their bodies at once.
But, as with many humans, scientists say alcohol might help the animals strengthen social bonds by reducing tension. Study lead author Aleksey Maro, a biologist at the University of California, Berkeley, tells National Geographic that sometimes chimpanzees will go hunt or patrol together after eating lots of fruit.
Jane Goodall says that due to the aggressive behavior of chimps she thinks aggression is genetically innate in humans and chimps... But what about bonobos?
If chimps are relying on alcoholic fruit to inspire their aggression then maybe it's not the same diet for bonobos?
“It’s tantalizing to think that the alcohol in the fruits might help them to gather up their courage first.”
Male bonobos more aggressive than chimps
OK but their culture as bonobos is less aggressive than chimp culture based on alcohol!!
a female-dominant society with rare, male-initiated violence. Food-sharing is commonplace, and instead of fighting, disputes among bonobos are usually solved with sex. As a result of their cooperative behavior, bonobos have been called “hippie” apes.
But unlike chimpanzees, bonobos are very difficult to study in the wild, because they make their homes in remote, hard-to-reach rainforests. Because of this, a team of scientists familiar with bonobos felt the species leads more nuanced lives than others give them credit for.
“It’s a species with such complex behavior that just limiting the species to being a hippie, for this study it’s not going to work,” Maud Mouginot, an anthropologist at Boston University and a lead author of the study, tells the Guardian’s Nicola Davis. “It’s just too simplistic.”
male bonobos were 2.8 times more likely than chimpanzees to commit an aggressive act, and three times more likely to commit physical-only aggression.
OK but that was "interpersonal" one on one violence - NOT the same as patrolling in a group after gorging on alcoholic fruit!!
male bonobos don’t form alliances or coalitions among themselves, acting aggressively toward one male won’t trigger a large-scale response from multiple apes, unlike what is seen in chimpanzee societies.
aggressive male bonobos had more offspring, suggesting the behavior makes them more desirable to females. Male bonobos did not tend to act aggressively toward females, while male chimpanzees did.
chimpanzees are known to kill, and bonobos are not.
“There’s more pointless violence in chimpanzees and humans than in other species like bonobos,” Kaplan tells New Scientist.
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