Nine Light Skin Tone PGS are byproduct of last 8000 years of wheat farming diet lack of Vitamin D in Europe

 

 Selection for light skin tone at ten loci We found nine loci with genome-wide signals of selection for light skin tone, one probable signal and no loci showing selection for dark skin tone (Fig.%3h–q).

 https://reich.hms.harvard.edu/sites/reich.hms.harvard.edu/files/inline-files/2026_Akbari_Nature_selection_0.pdf

 One of the strongest signals is an increase over time in the PGS for light skin pigmentation (γ%=%1.80%±%0.10 standard deviations increase in mean PGS in ten millennia; P%=%5.7%×%10−74; Fig. 4 and Extended Data
Fig. 9). This plausibly reflects selection for increased synthesis of vitamin D in regions of low sunlight in farmers with little of it in their diets

  a PGS is a single numerical score that sums the effects of thousands or millions of different genetic variants (alleles)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

On Negative Time: "The Future Informs the Past:" Yakir Aharonov vs Aephraim Steinberg paradoxes

 "what is the velocity of the energy....so I have my amplifier, I fire a laser at it...some light comes out? Is it from my laser or my amplifier? Energy is fungible. Energy is energy."...

 "No the energy that was already stored in the amplified as the inverted two-level atoms leaks out..."

If you assume there is no superluminal information as energy ...but how do you prove that is correct - how do you prove where the energy came from...

There are better ways of talking about the energy velocity ....

the propagation of the wave - a ripple and a wave packet envelope have two different velocities - the ripple is the phase velocity but don't worry about it.... the group velocity tells you where the energy is on average...

when the phase velocity is superluminal physicists said "don't worry about it."....

But when the group velocity was superluminal - physicists said "we must be missing something" and so... the information velocity is still slower than light - so causality is not violated....So then the energy velocity is also typically slower than light...

It turns out by their definition - in the case of a tunnel barrier or an absorbing medium where very little is transmitted, the group velocity maybe faster than C, the information velocity is never faster than C and the energy velocity is much slower than C since most it is absorbed or reflected back...

Can we make the energy velocity high? In the transparent case of an "on resonance" - the energy velocity turns out to be superluminal - faster than light!!

So now we need a better definition for the actual propagating energy to maintain causality....

"We know it can't be faster than light" but there are different ways of defining it...

 four velocities - a technique of "constant fraction discrimination" as 1/2 of the maximum amplitude...that's the definition of information velocity. Then there's the "front velocity" - the speed of light as the ultimate information velocity of d/c

It's the difference between physics and math - physics is based on precise experiments.... and the story behind it is not rigorous....

 If in mine reference frame if it is superluminal than in another reference frame it is backwards in time - violating causality.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cOZ3Kto6NIc 

 The dwell time or excitation time - the amount of time the atoms spend in the excited state - was also in negative time as "on resonance."

 there are "several times" not just "a time." 

Operators correspond to observables... the limit corresponds to position classically...

Measuring time has different definitions...a "time scale" can be negative but not "time itself" ...

Time measurement is not an operator... the things we measure are a function of time... so we can't measure time itself... so measuring time is always indirect... time itself is not an "observable property."

 so we have to define what is the "constant" as the "unit" - a "click of the cesium" is a second...

 there's an "intrinsic uncertainty" - not just a measurement disturbance... in quantum physics...

It is time-frequency uncertainty.... that is less than Heisenberg's uncertainty principle...

 the more you "open the aperture" the more you disturb the momentum (mass direction and speed) but you get precise position and vice versa and the limit is inherent to the measurement process (not what you are measuring with)...  Heisenberg Uncertainty:

 the smaller a particle is, the lighter it is (with less weight) and therefore the WORSE the position resolution - that does not exist classically.

 Yakir Aharonov emphasizes time symmetry. So in weak measurements can go backwards in time and the future informs the past. Steinberg says "he finds this difficult to believe."

 "the uncertainty principle can't help you with negative time"

 the "wave theory" - de Broglie-Bohm quantum physics - as a nonlocal "hidden variable" does explain negative time....

Bohmian mechanics ADDS something because it takes about the "hidden trajectories" along the way...

 and the weak measurements corroborate that the trajectories are real - and not just probabilities.

 1/2 spin is a mathematical law but we don't understand the physics underlying the nonlocality of it....

except it is noncommutativity!!

 

 

 

 

 

 

Does Green Tea work for weight loss? Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), shown to inhibit octanoylated ghrelin (the active form of the hunger hormone)

 Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a primary catechin found in green tea, has been shown to inhibit the secretion and production of octanoylated ghrelin (the active form of the hunger hormone ghrelin) https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/bpb/41/4/41_b17-00805/_html/-char/en

 . EGCG significantly reduced the octanoylated ghrelin level in AGS-GHRL8 cells. In mice, three days of treatment with TEAVIGO^®, which contains 97.69% EGCG, lowered the plasma octanoylated ghrelin level by 40% from that in control mice. In addition, TEAVIGO^® reduced the mRNA expression of ghrelin and prohormone convertase 1/3, an enzyme responsible for the processing of proghrelin to mature ghrelin, in the mouse stomach, suggesting that the reduced expression of these genes may contribute to the inhibition of octanoylated ghrelin production.

hmm ... I think it does work! I used to not like green tea because of the tannins creating a headache but this is due to the serotonin increasing. Serotonin increasing means the vagus nerve is activated to the stomach....

 The vagus nerve serves as a critical communication bridge between the stomach and the brain, transmitting sensations of fullness (satiety) to stop hunger.

 Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), a compound in green tea, can increase serotonin (5-HT) levels in the hippocampus,

fascinating!!

The key is to drink TONS of water when drinking lots of green tea - otherwise ...

 Serotonin increases cause headaches primarily by affecting blood vessels and triggering nerve inflammation. High serotonin levels cause cerebral blood vessels to shrink (vasoconstriction), reducing blood flow and triggering pain, while an abrupt drop in levels later causes vessels to swell,...

serotonin syndrome, a dangerous condition that causes headaches, along with muscle rigidity, fever, and confusion.

Pain Modulation: While low levels are associated with higher pain sensitivity, sudden spikes disrupt the brain’s regulation of pain, causing a paradox where high serotonin brings on headache symptoms

 Serotonin (5-HT) acts as a potent vasoconstrictor (shrinking blood vessels) through direct action on vascular smooth muscle, even though it can simultaneously activate the vagus nerve, which generally promotes relaxation and vasodilation. The contradictory effects arise because serotonin acts on multiple receptors, with the constrictor effect often overriding

 High levels of serotonin, particularly in the context of serotonin syndrome (toxicity), lead to significant sympathetic nervous system overactivation,...Lower doses or specific 5-HT receptor activation can, in contrast, result in sympathoinhibition (lower sympathetic tone).

  Low (0.2 nmol) 5-HT doses lowered mean arterial pressure, heart rate and renal nerve activity consistently..... dosage hard to tell due to precursors and digestion, etc.

 Tea and tea polyphenols are promising chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic agents against a variety of tumors including prostate cancer (CaP) (1, 2).

 https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3363324/

 green tea, likely through its main polyphenolic components, the catechins, exerts antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, making it an ideal dietary component or functional food ingredient for preventing and/or managing chronic disorders characterized by a high involvement of oxidative stress and inflammation.

 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/286063111_Antioxidant_Capacity_of_Green_Tea_Camellia_sinensis

 Coffee in turn triggers peristalsis much faster than tea... why?

coffee-derived acids or other bitter compounds (such as polyphenols) produced during roasting are key drivers. 

• Caffeine: Acts as a stimulant for gastric acid secretion (GAS) via bitter taste signaling in the stomach and mouth.
• Roasting Compounds/Polyphenols: Compounds developed during the roasting process are thought to be strong stimulants for gastrin release.
• Bitter Compounds: Other bitter substances in coffee, such as chlorogenic acid derivatives, are thought to contribute to this effect, ... These compounds stimulate G-cells in the stomach, which produce gastrin, and act on bitter taste receptors (TAS2Rs)
•  
• Secretion is stimulated by peptide/amino acids in the stomach, vagal stimulation, and stomach distension.
• Inhibitors: High levels of gastric acid (low pH) inhibit further gastrin release through somatostatin.

 

Significantly greater muscle growth from only when the leg muscle is fully stretched: Walking secret

 

 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33977835/

 vastus lateralis is the largest, most powerful muscle of the quadriceps group, situated on the lateral (outer) side of the thigh.

 

Walking generally allows for a more natural, higher range of knee motion compared to using a walker, which can promote a more rigid, less flexed gait. 

• Rollator Walking Limits Flexion: Biomechanical studies indicate that walking with a rollator (wheeled walker) reduces the range of motion of the knee and ankle joints, often leading to less flexion in these joints compared to normal walking.
• Reduced Knee Moment: Rollator walking can reduce the knee extensor moment (the force on the knee) by up to 50% compared to normal walking

 This study on leg curls proves why walking is key to leg strength - fully extending glutes and quads

After 12 weeks...the muscle when fully stretched provides a powerful stimulus for growth

 for bicep curls make sure to fully flex and stretch the arm down to get the most effect...

 

 

 

 

This study proves a 50% increase in muscle strength when the knee is flexed by 70% or more as occurs during walking.

"where the muscle is in a lengthened state, may promote a hypertrophic response even greater...the greater mechanical stress imposed under the
condition of a stretched muscle may therefore promote a synergistic anabolic stimulus." ...

The study compared changes in strength and regional muscle hypertrophy between different ranges of motion (ROM) in the knee extension exercise. Forty-five untrained women were randomized to either a control group or to perform the exercise in one of the following 4 groups (0°=extended knee): Full ROM (FULL_ROM: 100°-30° of knee flexion); Initial Partial ROM (INITIAL_ROM: 100°-65°); Final Partial ROM (FINAL_ROM: 65°-30°); Varied ROM (VAR_ROM: daily alternation between the ROM of INITIAL_ROM and FINAL_ROM). Pre- and post-training assessments included one repetition maximum (1RM) testing in the ROM corresponding to the initial, final and full ROM, and measurement of cross-sectional areas of the rectus femoris and vastus lateralis muscles at 40%, 50%, 60% and 70% of femur length in regard to regional muscle hypertrophy. Results showed that the INITIAL_ROM group presented a greater relative increase than all groups at 70%

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33977835/

 vastus lateralis is the largest, most powerful muscle of the quadriceps group, situated on the lateral (outer) side of the thigh.

Walking generally allows for a more natural, higher range of knee motion compared to using a walker, which can promote a more rigid, less flexed gait. 

• Rollator Walking Limits Flexion: Biomechanical studies indicate that walking with a rollator (wheeled walker) reduces the range of motion of the knee and ankle joints, often leading to less flexion in these joints compared to normal walking.
• Reduced Knee Moment: Rollator walking can reduce the knee extensor moment (the force on the knee) by up to 50% compared to normal walking

 This study on leg curls proves why walking is key to leg strength - fully extending glutes and quads

After 12 weeks...the muscle when fully stretched provides a powerful stimulus for growth... relative increase of cross-sectional area at 40%, 50%, 60%, and 70% of femur length. INITIAL = INITIALROM; FINAL =
FINALROM; FULL = FULLROM; VAR = VARRO

"where the muscle is in a lengthened state, may promote a hypertrophic response even greater...the greater mechanical stress imposed under the condition of a stretched muscle may therefore promote a synergistic anabolic stimulus." .
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Douglas Valentine exposed Special Forces drug smuggling in his Phoenix Project book 36 years ago! Seth Harp Fort Bragg Cartel

 

 in The Phoenix Program, pages 266-267

As one CIA officer recalled, "When the so-called Vietnamization of the war began, everyone knew that even though the Company would still be running CORDS, it was the beginning of the end. The contract employees began getting laid off, especially those running operations in Laos. The

others, mostly ex-Army types, knew their turn was coming, so they began trying to make as much money as they could. Air America pilots doubled the amount of opium they carried.* 

*Drugs were also smuggled on CIA/SOG black flights, which were exempt from customs checks. Likewise, SOG personnel carried military assistance adviser "Get out of Jail Free" cards, exempting them from search and seizure by their adversaries in the Military Police and Criminal Investigation Division.

There was even a shadowy drug ring, made up of paratroopers and Green Berets as well as a local cops and marines from Camp Lejeune, that was trafficking hundreds of kilos of cocaine into the United States from Mexico and allegedly smuggling heroin out of Afghanistan. Underlying it all was a cartoonishly macho culture of drinking, drugs, sex and lawlessness.

https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2025/08/12/fort-bragg-delta-force-women-military-hegseth-00495824?fbclid=IwZXh0bgNhZW0CMTEAc3J0YwZhcHBfaWQKNjYyODU2ODM3OQABHrEF2k_jZ-96ldNyAGstzOaXbYrUXcuNEMrt_ofdpbA3qprFWpW67JhqW3ic_aem_MsgRr9NPU2fFaUQVG8hcCg

Pi is the fundamental frequency of a perfectly symmetric system: The Eigenvalue problem

 

 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mjU7HHYdeXk

 

 

 

 

 

10% fall in energy means 10% fall on Global Production to happen very soon: Steve Keen economist

 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zrBNfVn8r60